The objective is to show that back substitution is backward stable. Consider the system $latex Rx=c $ where $latex R$ is an upper triangular $latex m\times m$ matrix and $latex x,c$ are $latex m$ column vectors. For a $latex 3\times3$ matrix system, this would look like: $latex \left[\begin{array}{ccc} r_{1,1} & r_{1,2} & r_{1,3}\\ 0 & …
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